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A Guide to VLA Dynamic Scheduling

Proposal Eligibility

Available Dynamic Time

Gauging Pressure on Available Dynamic Time

Preparing Observe Files for Dynamic Time

Example Observe Files for Dynamic Time

Tactical Considerations

Submitting Observe Files for Dynamic Time


Proposal Eligibility

To be eligible for VLA dynamic scheduling, you must have a regular or large VLA proposal which was submitted at the deadline for the current configuration, or approved for triggering on a known transient during the current configuration, or pre-approved at an earlier deadline for the current configuration. Alternatively, you must have an exploratory or target-of-opportunity proposal that was approved for the current VLA configuration. A VLBA proposal that requests a small amount of prepatory VLA time may also be eligible for VLA dynamic scheduling.

A valid regular or large VLA proposal will have one of the following statues assigned by the VLA/VLBA Proposal Selection Committee, and listed in decreasing order of the relative probability of actually being scheduled:

  • Target of opportunity, waiting for occurence.
  • Approved for ToO triggering, this trimester only.
  • Approved for dynamic scheduling, priority A
  • Approved for dynamic scheduling, priority B
  • Approved for dynamic scheduling, priority C
  • Approved for dynamic scheduling, priority D
  • Dynamic scheduling, lowest priority. Unlikely to accomplish goals.
  • Dynamic scheduling, filler priority. No proprietary period.
  • Time scheduled this config; will not be considered further.
  • Time allocated for this configuration and subsequent one(s)

A proposal with one of the latter two statues will be scheduled for a specified number of hours on fixed dates(s); such a proposal is eligible to compete for additional time, via the dynamic queue, for up to that specified number of hours.

An approved VLA exploratory proposal will usually have a relative priority below that of any regular or large VLA proposal.


Available Dynamic Time

The VLA schedule for the current month shows the available "dynamic" time. To fill the dynamic time, the most appropriate proposal from the observe files (scheduling blocks) available in the dynamic scheduling queue will be selected. This selection typically occurs a few hours before the dynamic time begins, and is based on the proposals' referee ratings and the statuses assigned by the VLA/VLBA Proposal Selection Committee, as well as on the state of the array, including the weather conditions.


Gauging Pressure on Available Dynamic Time

A histogram lets you gauge the pressure on the available dynamic time as a function of the VLA Local Sidereal Time (LST). The black cells in the histogram represent fixed-time elements scheduled in the interval between the date and time displayed, and the end of current month; and the light cells represent the observe files (scheduling blocks) in the dynamic queue that are awaiting scheduling in the quoted interval.


Preparing Observe Files for Dynamic Time

Generic information is available about preparing observe files (scheduling blocks) using JObserve. By default, EVLA-modified antennas will be included in VLA observations and some precautions will need to be taken, especially concerning an evolving list of known problems. Spectral line observers should pay special attention to issues involving online Doppler tracking when both VLA and EVLA-modifed antennas are in use.

The following points highlight information specific to the dynamic queue.

  • REQUIRED. There must be an eligible VLA proposal code on the Observer Identification Card in the observe file, set via the progam code field in JObserve. See also Proposal Eligibility.
  • REQUIRED. The observe file must be prepared in LST durations.
  • REQUIRED. The total length of the observe file must equal an integer number of half hours.
  • Additional information is REQUIRED in the observe file as dynamic comments. This information is listed below, followed by an example in typewriter font of the form that each of the comments should take. Take care that you use exactly the forms shown. The observe file will be machine parsed and errors might mean that it will never be selected from the dynamic queue.
    • REQUIRED. The length of the observe file in minutes.
      //* TIME 90
    • REQUIRED. The earliest and latest LST the observe file can be started, at half-hour intervals.
      //* EARLYSTART 03 30
      //* LATESTART 05 00
    • Unique identifiers are REQUIRED so we can locate the observe file (scheduling block) easily and also tell you what file we ran. Identifiers are a single letter (A, B, C, etc). These identifiers default to A if they are not specified. We will use these letter identifiers in two ways.

      One way is as a project identifier:
      //* PROJECTID A
      Scheduling blocks differentiated with differing project identifiers should be totally unrelated. Different projects should not depend on observing another project in any way.

      If you have scheduling blocks that do depend on each other (for instance at two different frequencies, where the spectral index is of interest), then a second way to use these letter identifiers is to indicate a different scheduling block identification:
      //* SBID A

      You may, if you wish, use these letter identifiers in both ways. The main requirement is that the observe file be uniquely identified. We will construct a logical file name for your observe file as
      < proposalcode > . < projectid > . < configuration > . < sbid >.obs
      where a PROJECTID or SBID not specified will be defaulted to A. The configuration code used will be A, B, C, or D, whichever is the principal configuration of the current trimester. If you are in doubt about whether you should differentiate your scheduling blocks by a differing PROJECTID and/or by a differing SBID, please consult by e-mail with schedsoc@nrao.edu.
    • REQUIRED. Configuration(s) for which the observe file is (are) to be considered. The possible entries are as follows: D=>A A A=>BNA BNA BNA=>B B B=>CNB CNB CNB=>C C C=>DNC DNC DNC=>D D. The entries containing => refer to the reconfigurations of the array between two of its standard configurations. Up to three entries may be specified. If you want your observe file to be considered for more than three, you may send in another copy, differing only in the CONFIGURATION and SBID entries. Array operations maintains a chart of the current antenna positions.
      //* CONFIGURATION CNB CNB=>C C

  • OPTIONAL. If not otherwise specified, the observe file is eligible to be run just once. If you want the observe file to be run more than once to accumulate integration time, you can use a REPEAT comment to specify the total number of times the file is to be run.
    //* REPEAT 3
  • OPTIONAL. If not otherwise specified, the weather conditions suitable for the observation will be deduced from the highest frequency of observations in the observe file. If you want to override that deduction, you can use a SCHEDULEAS comment to specify a lower frequency band.
    //* SCHEDULEAS C
  • OPTIONAL. Whether an observation can be run or not will be deduced from current measurements of the phases with the Atmospheric Phase Interferometer (API) and the wind speed. The table below shows the default limits as a function of observing band.

    Band API limit Wind limit
    (degrees) (meters/second)
    Q 7 5
    A 10 6
    K 12 7
    U 20 10
    X 40 15
    C 60 any
    L any any
    P any any

    If you want more control over observing conditions occuring when your observe file is run, you can use an APILIMIT comment and/or a WINDLIMIT comment to specify different limits, in the applicable units mentioned above.
    //* APILIMIT 7
    //* WINDLIMIT 7
  • OPTIONAL. If you have several observe files for the same proposal with the same TIME, EARLYSTART, and LATESTART, and you care in which order they are to be executed, you may include an ORDER comment set to a small positive integer. Avoid integers greater than about 30, as they will confuse the system. The integers need not be unique, as files with the same ORDER will be picked at random. For files with REPEAT specified, all instances of the lower ORDER will be scheduled before the higher ORDER. In the example below, the file will be run after files with the same EARLYSTART and LATESTART, and with ORDER specified as 1 or 2, or without ORDER specified.
    //* ORDER 3
  • OPTIONAL. For monitoring proposals, there is a provision for deferring the date of execution of the file. You may include an AFTER comment set to the modified Local Sidereal Day number after which the file is to be considered for scheduling. Such day numbers appear on the VLA schedules. In the example below, the file will first be considered for scheduling on 2008 August 21.
    //* AFTER 61420


Example Observe Files for Dynamic Time

A continuum example is available. A spectral line example is available. An observer-defined subarraying example is available.


Tactical Considerations

Consult the relevant VLA schedule to see when the most available dynamic time occurs in the current month. If your dynamic priority is low (e.g., C or D) and it is possible to fit your observations into those most-available LSTs, you should construct scheduling blocks to let this happen. If you cannot use time at those most-available LSTs, then make your scheduling blocks as short as possible, in hopes that you can fit into slots unusable by the higher priority proposals.

If your proposal has a target of opportunity status or a dynamic priority of A, you are likely to be dynamically scheduled soon after your observe file has been queued. If your dynamic priority is B, you are also likely to be dynamically scheduded but there may be a longer delay after your observe file has been queued.

The shorter an observe file, the more likely it is that it can be fit into the available dynamic time. But a short observe file is often inefficient because of calibration considerations. Care should be taken that the array has time to slew to the first source in the observe file, which can consume a large fraction of a half-hour observe file. Since you do not know where the array will be pointed when your observe file starts to execute, it is probably a bad idea to start your file with an important calibrator, which might get missed due to a long slew.

If your science goals can survive poor phase behavior, it could be to your advantage to specify that, as it may well open dynamic times to you that would otherwise not be available.

If your science goals can be met during reconfigurations, it could be to your advantage to specify that possibility in your observe file. There is much more available dynamic time during reconfigurations than during standard configurations. In deciding whether you can use reconfiguration time, think of the array as already being in the destination standard configuration, but with several newly-moved antennas unavailable because their baselines, pointing, etc., are not yet well determined.

Observe files for make-up observations due to hardware and/or software failure will be queued at priority A.

Observe files for make-up observations due to poor weather will be queued at priority B.


Submitting Observe Files for Dynamic Time

There is no deadline for the receipt of observe files (scheduling blocks) for dynamic time. E-mail your observe files to dynsoc@nrao.edu. The VLA/VLBA Scheduling Officers will verify that your observe files are properly structured for dynamic scheduling, insert the verified files into the queue of available files, and send a confirming e-mail to you that identifies the applicable scheduling blocks.

Modified on Friday, 25-Sep-2009 08:44:10 MDT by schedsoc.